Getting your first job at 14 is an exciting step toward independence, learning responsibility, and earning your own money. But before you start applying, it’s important to know where you can legally work and the types of jobs available for 14-year-olds.
Starting your first job at 14 is exciting, but it comes with legal guidelines designed to protect young workers. In the United States, the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) sets the minimum standards for hours, wages, and types of work for minors. Understanding these rules ensures you stay safe, avoid penalties, and balance work with school.
Work Hour Restrictions for 14- and 15-Year-Olds
The FLSA places strict limits on the number of hours teens can work to prevent interference with schooling and ensure adequate rest:
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During the school year:
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Maximum 3 hours per school day
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Maximum 18 hours per week
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Work hours must fall between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m.
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During summer or school breaks:
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Up to 8 hours per day
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Up to 40 hours per week
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Work hours extended to 9 p.m.
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These limits are in place to make sure young workers can still focus on education while gaining valuable work experience.
Prohibited Jobs for Minors
Certain jobs are considered hazardous and are off-limits for anyone under 16. These include:
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Construction and roofing
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Mining or logging
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Operating heavy machinery, forklifts, or power tools
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Handling chemicals or meat-processing equipment
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Driving motor vehicles for work purposes
Employers are legally required to ensure minors are not assigned to hazardous work. This helps prevent injuries and promotes a safe working environment.
State-Specific Variations
While the FLSA provides federal guidelines, states can enforce stricter rules. This may include:
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Higher minimum age requirements for certain jobs
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Tighter limits on weekly hours or time of day restrictions
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Additional permits or forms required for employment
Examples:
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California: Requires 14- and 15-year-olds to have a work permit from their school. Maximum hours are 3 per day on school days and 18 per week.
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Texas: Teens under 16 must have a work permit and cannot work before 7 a.m. or after 7 p.m. on school nights.
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Florida: 14- and 15-year-olds can only work limited hours during the school year and must hold an employment certificate.
Always check your state labor department for the most accurate, up-to-date rules before applying for jobs.
Work Permits and Parental Involvement
Most states require minors to obtain a work permit or employment certificate before starting a job. Typically:
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Parent/guardian approval is needed.
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A school official (counselor, principal, or designated staff) must sign off.
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Employers are required to keep a copy on file.
This ensures that your work schedule won’t interfere with school and that all legal requirements are met.
Popular Employers That Hire 14-Year-Olds
Many national chains, local shops, and seasonal businesses offer entry-level positions for teens. The table below lists examples:
| Company | Minimum Age | Common Roles | Average Pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| McDonald’s | 14–15 | Crew Member, Cashier | $9–$12/hr |
| Baskin-Robbins | 14–15 | Ice Cream Scooper, Counter Help | $9–$11/hr |
| Culver’s | 14–15 | Team Member, Food Prep | $9–$12/hr |
| Subway | 14–15 (varies by state) | Sandwich Artist, Front Counter | $10–$12/hr |
| Local Grocery Stores | 14–15 | Cart Attendant, Bagger | $9–$11/hr |
| Ice Cream Shops / Seasonal Stands | 14 | Server, Cashier | $9–$12/hr |
| Amusement Parks / Community Pools | 14–15 | Lifeguard Assistant, Ride Attendant, Ticket Sales | $10–$14/hr |
| Babysitting / Pet Sitting | 14 | Sitter, Dog Walker | $10–$15/hr |
| Lawn Care / Yard Work | 14 | Mowing, Leaf Raking, Snow Shoveling | $10–$15/hr |
Work Permits & Parental Permission for 14-Year-Olds
For most 14-year-olds, obtaining a work permit (sometimes called an employment certificate) is a legal requirement before starting a job. These permits ensure your work schedule is safe and doesn’t interfere with school. The process is straightforward but varies slightly by state:
Steps to Obtain a Work Permit
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Get the permit form
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Contact your school counselor or principal for the correct form.
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Some states allow you to download it directly from the state labor department website.
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Parental or guardian approval
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Your parent or guardian must review and sign the form, confirming they consent to your employment.
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School official approval
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A counselor, principal, or other designated school official must sign the permit to verify that employment won’t interfere with your education.
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Submit to your employer
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Provide the completed permit to your employer before your first day.
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Employers are legally required to keep a copy on file.
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State Variations to Keep in Mind
While federal rules set general limits, states can impose stricter regulations:
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California: Teens must hold a work permit, with strict hour limitations during school days.
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Texas: 14- and 15-year-olds need a permit, and evening work hours are limited.
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Florida: Employment certificates are mandatory, and school attendance is prioritized over work.
Always verify your state’s specific rules before applying to ensure compliance.
Tips for Getting Hired at 14
Landing your first job as a 14-year-old requires preparation, responsibility, and a positive attitude. Here are strategies to stand out:
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Be punctual and reliable
Employers need workers they can depend on, especially in part-time or seasonal roles. Showing you can arrive on time consistently makes a strong impression. -
Demonstrate a friendly attitude
Customer-facing positions, like fast food or retail, prioritize friendly, polite, and approachable employees. Smiling and showing enthusiasm during the interview counts. -
Highlight school, volunteer, or extracurricular achievements
Even if you have no prior paid work experience, leadership roles in clubs, sports teams, or community service demonstrate responsibility, teamwork, and initiative. -
Dress neatly and practice basic interview skills
A tidy appearance and confident communication show professionalism and readiness, even for entry-level roles. -
Check both local and national employers
Large chains like Subway, McDonald’s, or local grocery stores may have strict age policies, while smaller local businesses, ice cream shops, or seasonal positions often hire younger teens more readily.
Conclusion
Starting work at 14 is an important milestone that teaches responsibility, time management, and valuable interpersonal skills. By understanding labor laws, work permits, and safe work environments, teens can confidently explore opportunities in fast food, retail, recreation, seasonal work, or local services.
Preparation and professionalism — from obtaining the proper permits to presenting yourself positively in interviews — significantly increase your chances of landing a first job that builds skills and independence early in life.
